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Ministry of Public Security (China)
The Ministry of Public Security (MPS) is the principal police and security authority of the People's Republic of China and the government agency that exercises oversight over and is ultimately responsible for day-to-day law enforcement. It is headed by the Minister of Public Security. Prior to 1954, it was known as the Ministry of Public Security of the Central People's Government. The Ministry operates the system of Public Security Bureaus, which are broadly the equivalent of police forces or police stations in other countries.
As the main domestic security agency in the People's Republic of China, the MPS is the equivalent of the National Police Agency in Japan or national police in other countries. Since the creation of the Ministry of State Security in 1983, the MPS has lost much authority and does not undertake riot control functions, which are now within the province of the People's Armed Police, nor does it generally conduct domestic intelligence which since 1983 has been a primary responsibility of the Ministry of State Security. Hong Kong and Macau have their own security bureaus/agencies and police forces. , the Minister of Public Security is Guo Shengkun.
== History ==
The Ministry of Public Security was among the very first government organs of the PRC. It superseded the Ministry of Public Security of the Chinese Communist Party's Central Military Commission, a transitional body created in July 1949 by removing the security service remit from the CCP Central Department of Social Affairs (CDSA). The ministry began operations on 1 November 1949, at the end of a two-week-long National Conference of Senior Public Security Cadres. Most of its initial staff of less than 500 cadres came from the (former) regional CCP North China Department of Social Affairs. At the national level, its creation signaled the formal abolition of the CDSA. The ministry moved to its present location, in the heart of the one-time foreign legation quarters in Beijing, in the spring of 1950.〔Wang Zhongfang, "Gonganbu shi zemyang chenglide," in Zhu Chunlin (ed.) ''Lishi shunjian'' (Beijing: Qunzhong chubanshe, 1999), Vol. 1, pp. 3-16〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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